Introduction: We all know about the grave situation caused by the novel coronavirus in recent times. Although the maxillofacial surgeons are not at forefront of dealing with the coronavirus directly, they are at increased risk due to their working area on face, mouth, and oral cavity. There is an urgent need to upgrade the already set guidelines and follow them stringently.
Any procedure done within the oral cavity is a high-risk procedure and this upgradation is necessary because present means are insufficient to prevent infection from this deadly virus. This article aims to review and discuss all the new gadgets and armamentarium required to deal with patients during and post coronavirus pandemic.
Materials and methods: The authors performed a thorough literature search on various armamentarium and new gadgets introduced into the field of dentistry during the coronavirus pandemic worldwide. The relevant armamentarium is discussed under three broad headings, namely, those required before, during and after the procedures for easy understanding.
Results: A total of 15 gadgets and armamentarium related to oral and maxillofacial surgical practice are named and discussed in the literature review.
Discussion: We are particularly vulnerable to the transmission of diseases easily both due to the field of interest of work and type of instrumentation. Thus, we need to be extremely cautious about the procedure. Since, the literature is scarce about the sequelae of the coronavirus disease; shift to the automated, contactless gadgets is the way to look forward to a healthy dental practice.
Conclusion: These gadgets are user friendly for any small dental set-up as well. The choice of these upgraded instruments are prerogative of the individual professionals according to Bio Basic Autoclaves & Sterilizers
their exclusive practice. Yet, the authors encourage all health care professionals to focus on better training in infection control and cross-contamination.
their exclusive practice. Yet, the authors encourage all health care professionals to focus on better training in infection control and cross-contamination.
Alternate approach for defining worst case in Steam Sterilization Validation of porous/hard goods loads
For steam sterilization load validation of porous/ hard goods loads, regulatory guidelines state to identify and validate the worst-case challenge which is most difficult to sterilize. The maximum load and the minimum load are usually considered as worst-case challenge, and both are validated. This paper demonstrates with example how the control strategy determines the worst-case load in the steam sterilizer.
It further establishes with examples how a suitably designed control strategy can nullify the impact of varying load characteristics (e.g., mass, configuration and air removal challenges) in porous/ hard goods loads, and make it load size independent.
Autoclave sterilization of dental handpieces: A literature review.
The present review aimed to investigate autoclave sterilization of dental handpieces based on available studies.The sterilizing efficiency of dental handpieces with autoclave is mainly affected by the types of apparatus (N, B, and S), the packaging with sterilizing pouch, cleaning, and lubrication. These subjects were reviewed based on the in vitro experimental studies.Dental handpieces can be sterilized, including inactivation of heat-resistant bacterial spores, with type B or type S sterilizers, regardless of the use of a sterilization pouch. In contrast, although type N autoclaves are capable of sterilization of general bacteria such as Streptococcus salivarius even in a sterilization pouch if instruments are washed beforehand, complete sterilization of the wrapped handpiece is not always achieved.
Therefore, to achieve sterilization efficiency with type N autoclaves, processing without any packaging is recommended. As regards cleaning of handpiece, although contamination decreases with irrigation and wiping of handpieces, all reports concluded that these treatments alone do not achieve complete decontamination of reusable handpieces.Although type B and type S autoclaves allow us to sterilize the dental handpieces, it is important to realize that complete sterilization of the handpiece is not always achieved by type N autoclave. Understanding autoclave processing of handpieces is essential for dental practice to deliver the safe dental care.
Quick Preparation of Moisture-Saturated Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics and Their Accelerated Ageing Tests Using Heat and Moisture.
A quick method involving the control of heat and water vapor pressure for preparing moisture-saturated carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP, 8 unidirectional prepreg layers, 1.5 mm thickness, epoxy resin) has been developed. The moisture-saturated CFRP sample was obtained at 120 °C and 0.2 MPa water vapor in 72 h by this method using a sterilizer (autoclave). The bending strength and viscoelastic properties measured by a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) remained unchanged during repetitive saturation and drying steps. No degradation and molecular structural change occurred.
- Furthermore an accelerated ageing test with two ageing factors, i.e., heat and moisture was developed and performed at 140⁻160 °C and 0.36⁻0.62 MPa water vapor pressure by using a sealed pressure-proof stainless steel vessel (autoclave).
- The bending strength of the sample decreased from 1107 to 319 MPa at 160 °C and 0.63 MPa water vapor pressure in 9 days. Degraded samples were analyzed by DMA.
- The degree of degradation for samples was analyzed by DMA. CFRP and degraded CFRP samples were analyzed by using a surface and interfacial cutting analysis system (SAICAS) and an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) equipped in a scanning electron microscope.
Sterilization in Dentistry: A Review of the Literature
In a small and medium-sized dental facility, the correct management of the sterilisation and presterilisation phases plays a fundamental role in good management of instruments and personnel, in order to ensure conditions that are more efficient with less down time. Nowadays, instrument sterilizers are increasingly efficient in achieving results, both in terms of time and size, and ensure that materials are sterile and ready to be stocked in a reasonable time.
- A literature search for articles related to revision work was performed using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The following keywords have been entered in the previously mentioned databases: sterilisation instruments; dental autoclave; precleaning; instruments disinfectants.
- The records obtained were screened by three reviewers, and only relevant articles were read full text. In addition, the timings of dental and sterilisation procedures were measured, and from these, suggestions are made in order to improve the efficiency of instrumentation management (facility used as study subject: University Dental Clinic, University of Foggia) as a function of the health-care interventions.
- We arrived at the conclusion that without doubt, sterilisation of instruments and products plays a fundamental role, but the efficiency of the sterilisation and presterilisation procedures cannot be separated from managing the personnel in charge by giving them specific and precise tasks.
STERILIZATION INDICATORS |
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| S991 | PhytoTechnology Laboratories | 250EA | 52.73 EUR |
STERILIZATION INDICATOR, 3M-8 |
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| S7787 | PhytoTechnology Laboratories | 240EA | 63.6 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 2 3/4” x 9” |
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| LC3048-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 2 3/4” x 9” |
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| LC3048-401 | GenDepot | 20bx/CS | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 3 1/2” x 9” |
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| LC3050-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 3 1/2” x 9” |
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| LC3050-401 | GenDepot | 20bx/CS | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 5 1/4” x 10” |
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| LC3051-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 5 1/4” x 10” |
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| LC3051-201 | GenDepot | 10bx/CS | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 7 1/2” x 13” |
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| LC3052-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 7 1/2” x 13” |
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| LC3052-501 | GenDepot | 5bx/CS | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches,10 x 15"(25.4 x 38.1 cm) |
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| LC3047-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 40 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 3 1/2” x 5 1/4” |
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| LC3049-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 3 1/2” x 5 1/4” |
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| LC3049-201 | GenDepot | 10bx/CS | Ask for price |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 21/4 x 4 (5.7 X 10 cm) |
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| LC3041-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 20 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 23/4 x 9 (7 x 22.9 cm) |
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| LC3042-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 20 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 31/2 x 9 (8.9 x 22.9 cm) |
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| LC3044-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 25 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 51/4 x 11 (13.33 x 27.94 cm) |
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| LC3045-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 28 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 71/2 x 13 (19 x 33 cm) |
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| LC3046-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 35 EUR |
Self-Sealing Sterilization Pouches, 31/2 x 61/2 ( 8.9 x 16.5 cm) |
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| LC3043-200 | GenDepot | 200/bx | 20 EUR |
Bowtie™ Biohazard bags, autoclave bag with drawstring, PE, 25 x 35in. (64 x 89cm), with marking area and sterilization indicator, 100/pk |
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| A8001R | MTC Bio | 100/pack | 159.43 EUR |
*urea Broth (Filter Sterilizable) |
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| M111A-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 38.54 EUR |
"*Urea Agar Base (Filter sterilizable),G |
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| GM112A-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 39.19 EUR |
*Urea Agar Base (Filter Sterilizable) |
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| M112A-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 34.07 EUR |
*"Urea Broth (Filter sterilizable),Granu |
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| GM111A-500G | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 44.35 EUR |
Surface Sterilizer |
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| 40970005-1 | Bio-WORLD | 500 mL | 16.27 EUR |
Surface Sterilizer |
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| 40970005-2 | Bio-WORLD | 1 L | 43.43 EUR |
HiGlass Bead Sterilizer |
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| LA715-1NO | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 443.46 EUR |
Nasco Sterilized Spoons |
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| PW1356-1X100NO | EWC Diagnostics | 1 unit | 97.2 EUR |
30UL PRE STERILIZED PIPET TIPS |
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| T-1536-R-S | CORNING | 3840/pk | 3771.6 EUR |